Listing of Conservatory Plants by Area
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Centennial Botanical Conservatory has several camellia shrubs including Japanese camellias (Camellia japonica). Native eastern and southern Asia, Japanese camellias are slow growers but very long-living, some 500 yrs.
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Codiaeum variegatum (garden croton) is an evergreen shrub native to tropical Asia & the Western Pacific. The variety and intensity of leaf coloration is stunning.
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Cyrtomium falcatum (Holly Fern) is an arching evergreen fern with glossy, leathery, dark green fronds. Native to Eastern Asia, it prefers cool, moist, shaded areas.
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Brugmansia (angel's trumpet) includes 7 species of a small evergreen tree native to Central & South America now listed as extinct in the wild. Brugmansia produces gigantic pendulous blooms in multiple colours.
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Native to rainforests of Asia & Australia, Ficus benjamina 'Variegata' (Weeping Fig 'Variegata'), is a broadleaved evergreen tree with glossy green & white leaves.
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Persea Americana (avocado) is a tropical evergreen tree native to the American tropics. The blossoms exhibit sequential hermaphroditism, they open as female, close and reopen as male.
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Alocasia spp. (elephant's ear) is a large, showy, broad leafed rhizomatic plant, native to South-East Asia. Orange seed pods form after blooming. Alocasia is toxic.
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Cordyline fruiticosa/terminalis (ti plant) is an evergreen flowering plant native to SE Asia & the Western Pacific Areas. Leaf colours range from bright pink to burgundy, green & cream.
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Sanchezia speciosa (zebra plant), native to tropical rainforests in Central & South America, is a small shrub with yellow striped leaves, showy bracts & yellow flowers.
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The hibiscus is a member of the mallow (Malvaceae) family with 250 species native to subtropical and tropical regions. Thunder Bay's Botanical Conservatory has several varieties including the popular, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis.
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Citrus x pyriformis (Ponderosa lemon) was thought to be a hybrid of lemon & citron. A recent genomic analysis showed it is a pomelo & citron hybrid, not a lemon at all.
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Strelitzia nicolai (giant white bird of paradise) is native to sub-tropical S. Africa and is much larger than Strelitzia reginae (orange bird of paradise).
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Ficus elastica (Indian rubber tree), native to the Indian subcontinent & SE Asia, is a long-lived evergreen tree with large, glossy, thick leaves. A latex from the bark was once used in rubber production.
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Ficus carica (common fig), is a small deciduous tree of the mulberry family. Originally native to Western Asia, it was one of the earliest fruit trees to be cultivated for food & for its medicinal properties.
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Ficus religiosa (sacred fig/bo), native to the Indian subcontinent & Indochina, is a large, broadleaved, evergreen tree sacred to Buddhists & Hindus. Gautama Buddha reportedly received enlightenment under a Ficus religiosa tree.
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Native to the Indian subcontinent & Southeast Asia, Ficus elastica 'Tricolor' (Tricolor Rubber Tree) is a long-live evergreen tree with large, thick, glossy leaves in shades of green, pink & cream.
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Stromanthe sanguinea 'Tricolor' is an upright rhizomatous perennial native to rain forests of Brazil. Part of the "prayer plant" family, it's narrow, glossy leaves are green & cream on top & red underneath.
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Strelitzia Reginae (bird of paradise) is a perennial subtropical plant native to southern Africa. A plant was donated to the Conservatory by the West Fort William Women’s Institute in 1969.
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Clerodendrum thomsoniae (glory-bower) is an evergreen twining vine native to tropical W. Africa. Its flowers have red corollas and long-lasting balloon-like calyxes that age from white to lavender.
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In the center bed, west of the bridge, Cyperus diffusus (Dwarf Umbrella Grass) grows. This low growing, rhizomatic perennial sedge, native to E. Asia, is often found in moist shady areas.
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Thunder Bay's Centennial Botanical Conservatory has a Nerium oleander (oleander), an evergreen shrub with willow-like leaves & fragrant flowers. Native to the Mediterranean area, all parts of the plant are cardiotoxic.
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Dracaena fragrans 'Massangeana' (striped corn plant) is native to tropical Africa. Tall and upright with variegated leaves, these mature shrubs produce highly fragrant flower panicles.
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Citrus x sinensis 'Valencia' (Valencia Orange) is an easy to peel, sweet summer orange, low in seeds and grown for fresh eating and juice making.
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Mangifera indica (Mango), originally from the Indian Subcontinent, is one of the most widely cultivated fruits in the tropics. Along with cashews & poison ivy, mangoes are members of the Anacardiaceae family.
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Clivia (Natal Lily), an evergreen member of the Amaryllidaceae family, is native to the subtropical regions of southern Africa.
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Spathiphyllum (peace lily), native to tropical regions of the Americas & SE Asia, is a herbaceous perennial with glossy, green leaves. Tiny flowers grow on a spadix surrounded by a leafy white spathe.
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Native to Indian Ocean islands, Dracaena reflexa 'Variegata' or Pleomele reflexa 'Variegata' is a slow growing tropical shrub that can grow to 5 metres tall. Strap like green leaves are margined with yellow and white.
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Alpinia zerumbet 'Variegata' (Variegated Ginger) is an evergreen perennial native to tropical East Asia. Grown as an ornamental, its leaves also have culinary and medicinal uses.
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Myrtus communis (common myrtle), native to the Mediterranean area, is an evergreen shrub with religious, medicinal & culinary uses. The blue berries can be dried & used as a pepper substitute. European custom includes a sprig of myrtle in wedding bouquets.
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Cyperus is a large genus of sedges. Around the world, sedges are mostly aquatic with grass-like leaves at the base & a whorl at the top of the flowering stems.
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Phoenix Roebelenii (Pygmy Date Palm) is a slow growing, dwarf evergreen palm native to Southeast Asia. Being dioecious, male & female flowers grow on separate plants, the female producing edible fruit.
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Ti Plant
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Ficus auriculata (Roxburgh fig) is native to Asia where its fruit is used for jams, juices and curries and its large leaves for animal fodder.
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Probably native to Southeast Asia, the tangerine (Citrus reticulata L. var. or Citrus x tangerina) is an evergreen perennial citrus species of the mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata) family. Its fruit is small, slightly flattened, thin-skinned and sweet. The fruit is used in food and medicine. Its peel is an important source of the essential oil, C. reticulata EO (CREO), with antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidative properties.
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Schefflera (umbrella trees) are evergreen shrubs with glossy green, lime or variegated leaves, native to the rainforests of Australia & New Guinea. Pictured: Schefflera actinophylla 'Amate Soleil' & Schefflera arboricola 'Gold Capella'.
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Coffee arabica (Arabian coffee), native to Ethiopia, is the world's most popular coffee. Small, white blossoms, said to smell like jasmine, produce "cherries". The "beans" inside are dried, roasted & ground for coffee.
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Caryota mitis (fishtail palm), native to tropical SE Asia, is a clump forming palm with compound leaves resembling a fishtail. Inflorescences of flowers develop into hanging fruit/berry clusters.
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Calliandra haematocephala (red powder puff) native to Bolivia, blooming beautifully in Thunder Bay's Centennial Botanical Conservatory.
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Crinum Americanun (Swamp lily) is a tender perennial bulb in the amaryllis family. Native to wetlands of Southern North america, it has sweet scented, spider-like blossoms.
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Livistona Chinensis (Chinese fan palm) is a beautiful subtropical evergreen palm tree native to east Asia.
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Eucalyptus cinerea (silver dollar tree) is a small evergreen tree in the Myrtaceae family, native to SE Australia, with aromatic, silver blue-green leaves.
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Native to SE China, Chinese loquat trees (Eriobotrya japonica) grow fruit said to have the flavour of peach, citrus and mango. A mature loquat grows next to the cactus room in Thunder Bay's Botanical Conservatory.
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Ananas bracteatus 'Tricolor' (Variegated Ornamental Pineapple) is a member of the Bromeliaceae family native to South America. Ananas bracteatus is grown as an ornamental with smaller red fruit.
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